Cause-Effect Markers
Use because, therefore, so to show causal links.
What & why
People look for reasons behind events almost automatically, and a stated cause satisfies that pull better than two facts left side by side. Words like because and therefore name the link explicitly, so listeners do not have to test whether one thing actually drove the other; the connection is given, which lowers effort and reduces the chance they pair the wrong cause with the wrong result. Marked causation also reads as reasoning rather than coincidence, making a claim sound analysed and considered, which tends to lift its credibility.
Before & after
“We raised prices. Churn rose.”
“We raised prices, therefore churn rose.”
When you’ll use it
Root cause analysis: 'Because the server crashed, we lost 2 hours of sales. Consequently, revenue dropped 15%.'
Decision justification: 'Since user feedback was negative, we redesigned the interface. As a result, satisfaction improved.'
Project retrospectives: 'Due to late requirements, we missed the deadline. Therefore, we're implementing earlier stakeholder reviews.'
Pro tip
Name cause, then name effect, in that order.
Questions & answers
What are cause-effect markers in business presentations?
How do cause-effect markers improve presentation clarity?
What are the most effective cause-effect markers for business communication?
Learn more
Practice this concept
Practice clearer flow
Record an answer and see how transitions and signposting hold it together. AI feedback on structure included.