When a question reshapes a memory
After a car crash or a crime, the way an investigator phrases a single question can change what a witness remembers seeing. Research on eyewitness reports separates what someone originally observed from information introduced afterward, making question wording a crucial part of the evidence problem.
Questions you could explore
- How can leading wording affect a later report?
- What separates a laboratory finding from judging one real witness?
Start reading
- OpenStax, Rice UniversityPsychology 2e, 8.3: Problems with Memory
OpenStax introduces suggestibility, reconstruction, and other ways memory reports can change.
- Elizabeth F. Loftus and John C. Palmer; Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior; original paper hosted in a Stanford courseReconstruction of Automobile Destruction: An Example of the Interaction Between Language and Memory
Loftus and Palmer’s 1974 experiments compare question wording with estimates and later reports about a filmed collision.
Ready to try your ideas aloud?
Your topic carries over. Record up to 2½ minutes, depending on your plan.