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Why doesn’t a factory always reach its rated output?

A machine's maximum running speed does not tell you how many usable products leave a factory. Stoppages, changeovers, and rejected output can create a gap between a capacity claim and an actual day's production.

4–5 min

Questions you could explore

  • What assumptions sit behind a stated capacity?
  • How would downtime and defective units affect the result?

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Business

How a profitable business runs short of cash

A business can record a profitable sale before its customer pays. Bills may come due in the meantime, making the timing of cash a different question from whether trading earned a profit.

8–10 min

How a profitable business runs short of cash

Business8–10 minA business can record a profitable sale before its customer pays. Bills may come due in the meantime, making the timing of cash a different question from whether trading earned a profit.

Business

One transaction, two sides of the accounts

Buying equipment with cash or borrowed money affects the accounts differently. Assets must still balance against liabilities and equity, so one purchase changes more than the list of things a business owns.

3–5 min

One transaction, two sides of the accounts

Business3–5 minBuying equipment with cash or borrowed money affects the accounts differently. Assets must still balance against liabilities and equity, so one purchase changes more than the list of things a business owns.

Why can depreciation differ from an asset’s falling resale price?

Business3–5 minA business may spread an asset's cost across the periods in which it is used. In a simple straight-line model, estimated useful life and residual value determine that allocation, rather than a new market price each year.

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